Inductance Map Regression of Doubly-Excited Electrical Machines Considering Cross-Saturation

This article uses Gaussian process regression (GPR) to obtain the inductance map for doubly excited electrical machines under magnetic saturation, which is crucial for accurate control. The dc-excited field and ac-excited armature windings result in a cross-saturation between the winding inductances. Typically, finite element analysis (FEA) is used for this, but it is computationally expensive. In the evaluation of the inductance map, the GPR is selected due to its capability to efficiently minimize these computationally costly, but inevitably required simulations and/or measurements. This article presents the parameters affecting the inductance map and formulates the GPR method, trained with three different inductance datasets. Results show that the success rate of the inductance predictions while under magnetic saturation can be improved iteratively, from a 9.6% of maximum prediction error to 4.7%, by extending the training dataset within localized bounds

Could Platelet Indices and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio Be New Biomarkers for Differentiation of Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Neuropathy from Non-Arteritic Type?

The aim of this study was to assess the possible relationship between AAION (arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy) and NAION (non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy) with blood platelet parameters and NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio). The medical records of 12 patients with AAION, 33 patients with NAION, and 35 healthy subjects were examined. MPV, PDW, and PCT values showed marked elevation in AAION and NAION groups compared with control group. The mean NLR was statistically significantly higher only in AAION group compared to the NAION and control groups, suggesting that platelet function plays an important role in AIONs and NLR might be used to differentiate AAION from NAION

Grand Challenges in global eye health: a global prioritisation process using Delphi method

Background: We undertook a Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health prioritisation exercise to identify the key issues that must be addressed to improve eye health in the context of an ageing population, to eliminate persistent inequities in health-care access, and to mitigate widespread resource limitations. Methods: Drawing on methods used in previous Grand Challenges studies, we used a multi-step recruitment strategy to assemble a diverse panel of individuals from a range of disciplines relevant to global eye health from all regions globally to participate in a three-round, online, Delphi-like, prioritisation process to nominate and rank challenges in global eye health. Through this process, we developed both global and regional priority lists. Findings: Between Sept 1 and Dec 12, 2019, 470 individuals complete round 1 of the process, of whom 336 completed all three rounds (round 2 between Feb 26 and March 18, 2020, and round 3 between April 2 and April 25, 2020) 156 (46%) of 336 were women, 180 (54%) were men. The proportion of participants who worked in each region ranged from 104 (31%) in sub-Saharan Africa to 21 (6%) in central Europe, eastern Europe, and in central Asia. Of 85 unique challenges identified after round 1, 16 challenges were prioritised at the global level; six focused on detection and treatment of conditions (cataract, refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, services for children and screening for early detection), two focused on addressing shortages in human resource capacity, five on other health service and policy factors (including strengthening policies, integration, health information systems, and budget allocation), and three on improving access to care and promoting equity. Interpretation: This list of Grand Challenges serves as a starting point for immediate action by funders to guide investment in research and innovation in eye health. It challenges researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to build collaborations to address specific challenges. Funding: The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, Moorfields Eye Charity, National Institute for Health Research Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Sightsavers, The Fred Hollows Foundation, The Seva Foundation, British Council for the Prevention of Blindness, and Christian Blind Mission. Translations: For the French, Spanish, Chinese, Portuguese, Arabic and Persian translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.</p